feat!: track parser revision in Lua

Problem: Tracking parser revision in lockfile and allowing override through the parsers module complicates the code. In addition, only revision changes are handled robustly, not changes to other installation info. Solution: Track parser revision in the parsers module directly. Reload parser table on every install or update call. Support modifying parser table in a `User TSUpdate` autocommand.
2026-07-01 19:17:02 -04:00 · 2024-04-14 16:25:28 +02:00 · 2024-04-14 16:25:28 +02:00 · c17de56890
commit c17de56890
parent 054080bf59
21 changed files with 1007 additions and 995 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ on:
  pull_request:
    branches:
      - "main"
+  workflow_dispatch:

 # Cancel any in-progress CI runs for a PR if it is updated
 concurrency:
--- a/.github/workflows/update-lockfile.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/update-lockfile.yml
@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-name: Update lockfile
-
-on:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: "30 6 * * 6"
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-jobs:
-  update-lockfile:
-    name: Update lockfile
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          ref: main
-
-      - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v2
-        id: app-token
-        with:
-          app-id: ${{ vars.TOKEN_ID }}
-          private-key: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_PRIVATE_KEY }}
-
-      - name: Prepare
-        env:
-          NVIM_TAG: nightly
-        run: |
-          wget https://github.com/josephburnett/jd/releases/download/v1.7.1/jd-amd64-linux
-          mv jd-amd64-linux /tmp/jd
-          chmod +x /tmp/jd
-          bash scripts/ci-install.sh
-
-      - name: Update parsers
-        env:
-          SKIP_LOCKFILE_UPDATE_FOR_LANGS: "bp,devicetree,dhall,elm,enforce,git_config,nickel,rescript,rust,slint,sql,t32,templ,typespec,verilog,wit"
-        run: |
-          cp lockfile.json /tmp/old_lockfile.json
-          nvim -l ./scripts/update-lockfile.lua
-          UPDATED_PARSERS=$(/tmp/jd -f merge /tmp/old_lockfile.json lockfile.json | jq -r 'keys | join(", ")')
-          echo "UPDATED_PARSERS=$UPDATED_PARSERS" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-      - name: Create Pull Request
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v7
-        with:
-          token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
-          sign-commits: true
-          commit-message: "bot(lockfile): update ${{ env.UPDATED_PARSERS }}"
-          title: "Update lockfile.json: ${{ env.UPDATED_PARSERS }}"
-          body: "[beep boop](https://github.com/peter-evans/create-pull-request)"
-          branch: update-lockfile-pr
-          base: ${{ github.head_ref }}
-
-      - name: Enable Pull Request Automerge
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
-        run: gh pr merge --rebase --auto update-lockfile-pr
--- a/.github/workflows/update-parsers.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/update-parsers.yml
@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+name: Update parsers
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "30 6 * * *"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+env:
+  BIN_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/bin
+
+jobs:
+  update-parsers:
+    name: Update parsers
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          ref: main
+
+      - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v2
+        id: app-token
+        with:
+          app-id: ${{ vars.TOKEN_ID }}
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.TOKEN_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+
+      - name: Add $BIN_DIR to PATH
+        run: echo "$BIN_DIR" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+
+      - name: Prepare
+        env:
+          NVIM_TAG: nightly
+        run: |
+          bash scripts/ci-install.sh
+          wget --directory-prefix="$BIN_DIR" https://github.com/JohnnyMorganz/StyLua/releases/latest/download/stylua-linux-x86_64.zip
+          (cd "$BIN_DIR"; unzip stylua*.zip)
+
+      - name: Update parsers
+        run: ./scripts/update-parsers.lua
+
+      - name: Create Pull Request
+        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v7
+        with:
+          add-paths: lua/nvim-treesitter/parsers.lua
+          token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          sign-commits: true
+          commit-message: "bot(parsers): update ${{ env.UPDATED_PARSERS }}"
+          title: "Update parsers: ${{ env.UPDATED_PARSERS }}"
+          body: "[beep boop](https://github.com/peter-evans/create-pull-request)"
+          branch: update-parsers-pr
+          base: ${{ github.head_ref }}
+
+      - name: Enable Pull Request Automerge
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+        run: gh pr merge --rebase --auto update-parsers-pr
--- a/.github/workflows/update-readme.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/update-readme.yml
@ -32,10 +32,11 @@ jobs:
      - name: Create Pull Request
        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v7
        with:
+          add-paths: SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES.md
          token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
          sign-commits: true
          commit-message: "bot(readme): update"
-          title: Update README
+          title: Update SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES.md
          body: "[beep boop](https://github.com/peter-evans/create-pull-request)"
          branch: update-readme-pr
          base: ${{ github.head_ref }}
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@ -13,17 +13,17 @@ Depending on which part of the plugin you want to contribute to, please read the

 To add a new parser, edit the following files:

-1. In `lua/parsers.lua`, add an entry to the `M.configs` table of the following form:
+1. In `lua/parsers.lua`, add an entry to the returned table of the following form:

 ```lua
 zimbu = {
  install_info = {
-    url = 'https://github.com/zimbulang/tree-sitter-zimbu', -- local path or git repo
+    url = 'https://github.com/zimbulang/tree-sitter-zimbu', -- git repo; use `path` for local path
    files = { 'src/parser.c' }, -- note that some parsers also require src/scanner.c
    -- optional entries:
    branch = 'develop', -- only needed if different from default branch
    location = 'parser', -- only needed if the parser is in subdirectory of a "monorepo"
-    revision = 'v2.1', -- tag or commit hash; bypasses automated updates
+    revision = 'v2.1', -- tag or commit hash, will be updated automatically
    generate = true, -- only needed if repo does not contain pre-generated src/parser.c
    generate_from_json = true, -- only needed if grammar.js has npm-installed dependencies
  },
@ -31,21 +31,13 @@ zimbu = {
  tier = 3, -- community-contributed parser
  -- optional entries:
  requires = { 'vim' }, -- if the queries inherit from another language
-  readme_note = "an example language", -- if the 
+  readme_note = "an example language",
 }
 ```

 **Note:** The "maintainers" here refers to the person maintaining the **queries** in `nvim-treesitter`, not the parser maintainers (who likely don't use Neovim). The maintainers' duty is to review issues and PRs related to the query and to keep them updated with respect to parser changes.

-2. In `lockfile.json`, add an entry for the current commit your queries are compatible with:
-
-```json
-  "zimbu": {
-    "revision": "0d08703e4c3f426ec61695d7617415fff97029bd"
-  },
-```
-
-3. If the parser name is not the same as the Vim filetype, add an entry to the `filetypes` table in `plugin/filetypes.lua`:
+2. If the parser name is not the same as the Vim filetype, add an entry to the `filetypes` table in `plugin/filetypes.lua`:

 ```lua
  zimbu = { 'zu' },
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -126,28 +126,40 @@ These queries can be used to look up definitions and references to identifiers i

 If you have a parser that is not on the list of supported languages (either as a repository on Github or in a local directory), you can add it manually for use by `nvim-treesitter` as follows:

-1. Clone the repository or [create a new project](https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/creating-parsers#project-setup) in, say, `~/projects/tree-sitter-zimbu`. Make sure that the `tree-sitter-cli` executable is installed and in your path; see <https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/creating-parsers#installation> for installation instructions.
-2. Run `tree-sitter generate` in this directory (followed by `tree-sitter test` for good measure).
-3. Add the following snippet to your `init.lua`:
+1. Add the following snippet in a `User TSUpdate` autocommand:

 ```lua
-local parser_config = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers').configs
-parser_config.zimbu = {
-  install_info = {
-    url = '~/projects/tree-sitter-zimbu', -- local path or git repo
-    files = { 'src/parser.c' }, -- note that some parsers also require src/scanner.c
-    -- optional entries:
-    branch = 'develop', -- only needed if different from default branch
-    location= 'parser', -- only needed if the parser is in subdirectory of a "monorepo"
-    generate = true, -- only needed if repo does not contain pre-generated src/parser.c
-    generate_from_json = true, -- only needed if parser has npm dependencies
-  },
-}
+vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd('User', { pattern = 'TSUpdate',
+callback = function()
+  require('nvim-treesitter.parsers').zimbu = {
+    install_info = {
+      url = 'https://github.com/zimbulang/tree-sitter-zimbu',
+      files = { 'src/parser.c' }, -- note that some parsers also require src/scanner.c
+      revision = <sha>, -- commit hash for revision to check out; HEAD if missing
+      -- optional entries:
+      branch = 'develop', -- only needed if different from default branch
+      location = 'parser', -- only needed if the parser is in subdirectory of a "monorepo"
+      generate = true, -- only needed if repo does not contain pre-generated src/parser.c
+      generate_from_json = true, -- only needed if parser has npm dependencies
+    },
+  }
+end})
 ```
-If you use a git repository for your parser and want to use a specific version, you can set the `revision` key
-in the `install_info` table for you parser config.

-4. If the parser name differs from the filetype(s) used by Neovim, you need to register the parser via
+Alternatively, if you have a local checkout, you can instead use
+```lua
+    install_info = {
+      path = '~/parsers/tree-sitter-zimbu',
+      files = { 'src/parser.c' }, -- note that some parsers also require src/scanner.c
+      -- optional entries
+      location = 'parser', -- only needed if the parser is in subdirectory of a "monorepo"
+      generate = true, -- only needed if repo does not contain pre-generated src/parser.c
+      generate_from_json = true, -- only needed if parser has npm dependencies
+    },
+```
+This will always use the state of the directory as-is (i.e., `branch` and `revision` will be ignored).
+
+2. If the parser name differs from the filetype(s) used by Neovim, you need to register the parser via

 ```lua
 vim.treesitter.language.register('zimbu', { 'zu' })
@ -155,13 +167,20 @@ vim.treesitter.language.register('zimbu', { 'zu' })

 If Neovim does not detect your language's filetype by default, you can use [Neovim's `vim.filetype.add()`](<https://neovim.io/doc/user/lua.html#vim.filetype.add()>) to add a custom detection rule.

-5. Start `nvim` and `:TSInstall zimbu`.
-
-You can also skip step 2 and use `:TSInstallFromGrammar zimbu` to install directly from a `grammar.js` in the top-level directory specified by `url`.
-Once the parser is installed, you can update it (from the latest revision of the `main` branch if `url` is a Github repository) with `:TSUpdate zimbu`.
+3. Start `nvim` and `:TSInstall zimbu`.

 **Note:** Parsers using external scanner need to be written in C. C++ scanners are no longer supported.

+### Modifying parsers
+
+You can use the same approach for overriding parser information. E.g., if you always want to generate the `lua` parser from grammar, add
+```lua
+vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd('User', { pattern = 'TSUpdate',
+callback = function()
+  require('nvim-treesitter.parsers').lua.install_info.generate = true
+end})
+```
+
 ## Adding queries

 Queries can be placed anywhere in your `runtimepath` under `queries/<language>`, with earlier directories taking precedence unless the queries are marked with `; extends`; see `:h treesitter-query`.
@ -231,7 +250,7 @@ require("nvim-treesitter.install").prefer_git = true
 In your Lua config:

 ```lua
-for _, config in pairs(require("nvim-treesitter.parsers").configs) do
+for _, config in pairs(require("nvim-treesitter.parsers")) do
  config.install_info.url = config.install_info.url:gsub("https://github.com/", "something else")
 end

--- a/SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES.md
+++ b/SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES.md
@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ Language | Tier | Queries | CLI | Maintainer
 [bibtex](https://github.com/latex-lsp/tree-sitter-bibtex) | community | `HFI  ` |  | @theHamsta, @clason
 [bicep](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-bicep) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @amaanq
 [bitbake](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-bitbake) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @amaanq
-[blueprint](https://gitlab.com/gabmus/tree-sitter-blueprint.git) | unsupported | `H    ` |  | @gabmus
+[blueprint](https://gitlab.com/gabmus/tree-sitter-blueprint) | unsupported | `H    ` |  | @gabmus
 [c](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-c) | stable | `HFIJL` |  | @amaanq
-[c_sharp](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-c-sharp) | core | `HF JL` |  | @Luxed
+[c_sharp](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-c-sharp) | core | `HF JL` |  | @amaanq
 [cairo](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-cairo) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @amaanq
 [capnp](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-capnp) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @amaanq
 [chatito](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-chatito) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @ObserverOfTime
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ ecma (queries only)[^ecma] | community | `HFIJL` |  | @steelsojka
 [fortran](https://github.com/stadelmanma/tree-sitter-fortran) | community | `HFI  ` |  | @amaanq
 [fsh](https://github.com/mgramigna/tree-sitter-fsh) | community | `H    ` |  | @mgramigna
 [func](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-func) | core | `H    ` |  | @amaanq
-[fusion](https://gitlab.com/jirgn/tree-sitter-fusion.git) | community | `HFI L` |  | @jirgn
+[fusion](https://gitlab.com/jirgn/tree-sitter-fusion) | community | `HFI L` |  | @jirgn
 [gdscript](https://github.com/PrestonKnopp/tree-sitter-gdscript)[^gdscript] | community | `HFIJL` |  | @PrestonKnopp
 [gdshader](https://github.com/GodOfAvacyn/tree-sitter-gdshader) | community | `H  J ` |  | @godofavacyn
 [git_config](https://github.com/the-mikedavis/tree-sitter-git-config) | community | `HF J ` |  | @amaanq
@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ ecma (queries only)[^ecma] | community | `HFIJL` |  | @steelsojka
 [gstlaunch](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-gstlaunch) | core | `H    ` |  | @theHamsta
 [hack](https://github.com/slackhq/tree-sitter-hack) | unsupported | `H    ` |  | 
 [hare](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-hare) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @amaanq
-[haskell](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-haskell) | core | `HF J ` |  | @mrcjkb
+[haskell](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-haskell) | core | `HF JL` |  | @mrcjkb
 [haskell_persistent](https://github.com/MercuryTechnologies/tree-sitter-haskell-persistent) | community | `HF   ` |  | @lykahb
 [hcl](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-hcl) | core | `HFIJ ` |  | @MichaHoffmann
 [heex](https://github.com/connorlay/tree-sitter-heex) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @connorlay
@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ html_tags (queries only)[^html_tags] | community | `H IJ ` |  | @TravonteD
 [jsdoc](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-jsdoc) | core | `H    ` |  | @steelsojka
 [json](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-json) | core | `HFI L` |  | @steelsojka
 [json5](https://github.com/Joakker/tree-sitter-json5) | community | `H  J ` |  | @Joakker
-[jsonc](https://gitlab.com/WhyNotHugo/tree-sitter-jsonc.git) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @WhyNotHugo
+[jsonc](https://gitlab.com/WhyNotHugo/tree-sitter-jsonc) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @WhyNotHugo
 [jsonnet](https://github.com/sourcegraph/tree-sitter-jsonnet) | community | `HF  L` |  | @nawordar
 jsx (queries only)[^jsx] | community | `HFIJ ` |  | @steelsojka
 [julia](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-julia) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @theHamsta
@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ jsx (queries only)[^jsx] | community | `HFIJ ` |  | @steelsojka
 [kotlin](https://github.com/fwcd/tree-sitter-kotlin) | community | `HF JL` |  | @SalBakraa
 [koto](https://github.com/koto-lang/tree-sitter-koto) | community | `HF JL` |  | @irh
 [kusto](https://github.com/Willem-J-an/tree-sitter-kusto) | community | `H  J ` |  | @Willem-J-an
-[lalrpop](https://github.com/traxys/tree-sitter-lalrpop) | community | `H  JL` |  | @traxys
+[lalrpop](https://github.com/traxys/tree-sitter-lalrpop) | community | `HF JL` |  | @traxys
 [latex](https://github.com/latex-lsp/tree-sitter-latex) | community | `HF J ` | ✓ | @theHamsta, @clason
 [ledger](https://github.com/cbarrete/tree-sitter-ledger) | community | `HFIJ ` |  | @cbarrete
 [leo](https://github.com/r001/tree-sitter-leo) | community | `H IJ ` |  | @r001
@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ jsx (queries only)[^jsx] | community | `HFIJ ` |  | @steelsojka
 [ocamllex](https://github.com/atom-ocaml/tree-sitter-ocamllex) | community | `H  J ` | ✓ | @undu
 [odin](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-odin) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @amaanq
 [org](https://github.com/milisims/tree-sitter-org) | unsupported | `     ` |  | 
-[pascal](https://github.com/Isopod/tree-sitter-pascal.git) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @Isopod
+[pascal](https://github.com/Isopod/tree-sitter-pascal) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @Isopod
 [passwd](https://github.com/ath3/tree-sitter-passwd) | community | `H    ` |  | @amaanq
 [pem](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-pem) | core | `HF J ` |  | @ObserverOfTime
 [perl](https://github.com/tree-sitter-perl/tree-sitter-perl) | community | `HF J ` |  | @RabbiVeesh, @LeoNerd
@ -245,8 +245,9 @@ jsx (queries only)[^jsx] | community | `HFIJ ` |  | @steelsojka
 [swift](https://github.com/alex-pinkus/tree-sitter-swift) | community | `H I L` | ✓ | @alex-pinkus
 [sxhkdrc](https://github.com/RaafatTurki/tree-sitter-sxhkdrc) | community | `HF J ` |  | @RaafatTurki
 [systemtap](https://github.com/ok-ryoko/tree-sitter-systemtap) | community | `HF JL` |  | @ok-ryoko
-[t32](https://gitlab.com/xasc/tree-sitter-t32.git) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @xasc
+[t32](https://gitlab.com/xasc/tree-sitter-t32) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @xasc
 [tablegen](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-tablegen) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @amaanq
+[tact](https://github.com/tact-lang/tree-sitter-tact) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @novusnota
 [tcl](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-tcl) | core | `HFI  ` |  | @lewis6991
 [teal](https://github.com/euclidianAce/tree-sitter-teal) | community | `HFIJL` | ✓ | @euclidianAce
 [templ](https://github.com/vrischmann/tree-sitter-templ) | community | `H  J ` |  | @vrischmann
@ -256,13 +257,14 @@ jsx (queries only)[^jsx] | community | `HFIJ ` |  | @steelsojka
 [tiger](https://github.com/ambroisie/tree-sitter-tiger) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @ambroisie
 [tlaplus](https://github.com/tlaplus-community/tree-sitter-tlaplus) | community | `HF JL` |  | @ahelwer, @susliko
 [tmux](https://github.com/Freed-Wu/tree-sitter-tmux) | community | `H  J ` |  | @Freed-Wu
-[todotxt](https://github.com/arnarg/tree-sitter-todotxt.git) | community | `H    ` |  | @arnarg
+[todotxt](https://github.com/arnarg/tree-sitter-todotxt) | community | `H    ` |  | @arnarg
 [toml](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-toml) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @tk-shirasaka
 [tsv](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-csv) | core | `H    ` |  | @amaanq
 [tsx](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-typescript) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @steelsojka
 [turtle](https://github.com/BonaBeavis/tree-sitter-turtle) | community | `HFIJL` |  | @BonaBeavis
 [twig](https://github.com/gbprod/tree-sitter-twig) | community | `H  J ` |  | @gbprod
 [typescript](https://github.com/tree-sitter/tree-sitter-typescript) | core | `HFIJL` |  | @steelsojka
+[typespec](https://github.com/happenslol/tree-sitter-typespec) | community | `H IJ ` |  | @happenslol
 [typoscript](https://github.com/Teddytrombone/tree-sitter-typoscript) | community | `HFIJ ` |  | @Teddytrombone
 [typst](https://github.com/uben0/tree-sitter-typst) | community | `HFIJ ` |  | @uben0, @RaafatTurki
 [udev](https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-udev) | core | `H  JL` |  | @ObserverOfTime
--- a/TODO.md
+++ b/TODO.md
@ -4,13 +4,16 @@ This document lists the planned and finished changes in this rewrite towards [Nv

 ## TODO

- [ ] **`locals.lua`:** move to `nvim-treesitter-refactor`?
- [ ] **`parsers.lua`:** include revision? (<https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64260981>)
- [ ] **update-lockfile:** allow specifying version in addition to commit hash (for Tier 1)
+- [ ] **`parsers.lua`:** include revision (serialization at home: `vim.inspect`)
+  - rename `parsers` to `languages`
+  - rename `install_info` to `parser`
+
+- [ ] **`parsers.lua`:** allow specifying version in addition to commit hash (for Tier 1)
 - [ ] **update-lockfile:** one commit per parser/tier?
 - [ ] **tests:** fix, update, extend (cover all Tier 1 languages)
 - [ ] **documentation:** consolidate, autogenerate?
 - [ ] **documentation:** migration guide
+- [ ] **`locals.lua`:** move to `nvim-treesitter-refactor`?
 - [ ] **textobjects:** include simple(!) function, queries? (check Helix)
 - [ ] **downstream:** adapt to breaking changes (`nvim-treesitter-refactor`)

--- a/doc/nvim-treesitter.txt
+++ b/doc/nvim-treesitter.txt
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ To get a list of supported languages
 To install supported parsers and queries, put this in your `init.lua` file:

 >lua
-  require'nvim-treesitter.configs'.setup {
+  require'nvim-treesitter.config'.setup {
    -- A directory to install the parsers and queries to.
    -- Defaults to the `stdpath('data')/site` dir.
    install_dir = "/some/path/to/store/parsers",
--- a/lua/nvim-treesitter/_meta/parsers.lua
+++ b/lua/nvim-treesitter/_meta/parsers.lua
@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---@meta
+error('Cannot require a meta file')
+
+---@class InstallInfo
+---
+---URL of parser repo (Github/Gitlab)
+---@field url string
+---
+---Commit hash of parser to download (compatible with queries)
+---@field revision string
+---
+---Files to include when compiling (`src/parser.c` and optionally `src/scanner.c')
+---@field files string[]
+---
+---Branch of parser repo to download (if not default branch)
+---@field branch? string
+---
+---Location of `grammar.js` in repo (if not at root, e.g., in a monorepo)
+---@field location? string
+---
+---Repo does not contain a `parser.c`; must be generated from grammar first
+---@field generate? boolean
+---
+---Parser needs to be generated from `grammar.json` (generating from `grammar.js` requires npm)
+---@field generate_from_json? boolean
+---
+---Parser repo is a local directory; overrides `url`, `revision`, and `branch`
+---@field path? string
+
+---@class ParserInfo
+---
+---Information necessary to build and install the parser (empty for query-only language)
+---@field install_info? InstallInfo
+---
+---List of Github users maintaining the queries for Neovim
+---@field maintainers? string[]
+---
+---List of other languages to install (e.g., if queries inherit from them)
+---@field requires? string[]
+---
+---Language support tier, maps to "core", "stable", "community", "unmaintained"
+---@field tier integer
+---
+---Explanatory footnote text to add in SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES.md
+---@field readme_note? string
+
+---@alias nvim-ts.parsers table<string,ParserInfo>
--- a/lua/nvim-treesitter/config.lua
+++ b/lua/nvim-treesitter/config.lua
@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local M = {}

+M.tiers = { 'stable', 'core', 'community', 'unsupported' }
+
 ---@class TSConfig
 ---@field auto_install boolean
 ---@field ensure_install string[]
@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ function M.setup(user_data)
        local ft = vim.bo[buf].filetype
        local lang = vim.treesitter.language.get_lang(ft) or ft
        if
-          require('nvim-treesitter.parsers').configs[lang]
+          require('nvim-treesitter.parsers')[lang]
          and not vim.list_contains(M.installed_parsers(), lang)
          and not vim.list_contains(config.ignore_install, lang)
        then
@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ function M.setup(user_data)
    local to_install = M.norm_languages(config.ensure_install, { ignored = true, installed = true })

    if #to_install > 0 then
-      require('nvim-treesitter.install').install(to_install)
+      require('nvim-treesitter.install').install(to_install, { force = true })
    end
  end
 end
@ -85,6 +87,52 @@ function M.installed_parsers()
  return installed
 end

+-- Get a list of all available parsers
+---@param tier integer? only get parsers of specified tier
+---@return string[]
+function M.get_available(tier)
+  local parsers = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers')
+  --- @type string[]
+  local languages = vim.tbl_keys(parsers)
+  table.sort(languages)
+  if tier then
+    languages = vim.tbl_filter(
+      --- @param p string
+      function(p)
+        return parsers[p].tier == tier
+      end,
+      languages
+    )
+  end
+  if vim.fn.executable('tree-sitter') == 0 then
+    languages = vim.tbl_filter(
+      --- @param p string
+      function(p)
+        return parsers[p].install_info ~= nil and not parsers[p].install_info.generate
+      end,
+      languages
+    )
+  end
+  return languages
+end
+
+local function expand_tiers(list)
+  for i, tier in ipairs(M.tiers) do
+    if vim.list_contains(list, tier) then
+      list = vim.tbl_filter(
+        --- @param l string
+        function(l)
+          return l ~= tier
+        end,
+        list
+      )
+      vim.list_extend(list, M.get_available(i))
+    end
+  end
+
+  return list
+end
+
 ---Normalize languages
 ---@param languages? string[]|string
 ---@param skip? { ignored: boolean, missing: boolean, installed: boolean, dependencies: boolean }
@ -96,32 +144,11 @@ function M.norm_languages(languages, skip)
    languages = { languages }
  end

-  local parsers = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers')
-
  if vim.list_contains(languages, 'all') then
    if skip and skip.missing then
      return M.installed_parsers()
    end
-    languages = parsers.get_available()
-  end
-
-  -- keep local to avoid leaking parsers module
-  --- @param list string[]
-  local function expand_tiers(list)
-    for i, tier in ipairs(parsers.tiers) do
-      if vim.list_contains(list, tier) then
-        list = vim.tbl_filter(
-          --- @param l string
-          function(l)
-            return l ~= tier
-          end,
-          list
-        )
-        vim.list_extend(list, parsers.get_available(i))
-      end
-    end
-
-    return list
+    languages = M.get_available()
  end

  languages = expand_tiers(languages)
@ -159,19 +186,20 @@ function M.norm_languages(languages, skip)
    )
  end

+  local parsers = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers')
  languages = vim.tbl_filter(
    --- @param v string
    function(v)
      -- TODO(lewis6991): warn of any unknown parsers?
-      return parsers.configs[v] ~= nil
+      return parsers[v] ~= nil
    end,
    languages
  )

  if not (skip and skip.dependencies) then
    for _, lang in pairs(languages) do
-      if parsers.configs[lang].requires then
-        vim.list_extend(languages, parsers.configs[lang].requires)
+      if parsers[lang].requires then
+        vim.list_extend(languages, parsers[lang].requires)
      end
    end
  end
--- a/lua/nvim-treesitter/health.lua
+++ b/lua/nvim-treesitter/health.lua
@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ function M.check()
  health.start('Installed languages' .. string.rep(' ', 5) .. 'H L F I J')
  local languages = config.installed_parsers()
  for _, lang in pairs(languages) do
-    local parser = parsers.configs[lang]
+    local parser = parsers[lang]
    local out = lang .. string.rep(' ', 22 - #lang)
    if parser.install_info then
      for _, query_group in pairs(M.bundled_queries) do
--- a/lua/nvim-treesitter/install.lua
+++ b/lua/nvim-treesitter/install.lua
@ -25,12 +25,6 @@ local uv_unlink = a.wrap(uv.fs_unlink, 2)

 local M = {}

---@class LockfileInfo
---@field revision string
-
---@type table<string, LockfileInfo>
-local lockfile = {}
-
 local max_jobs = 10

 local iswin = uv.os_uname().sysname == 'Windows_NT'
@ -63,7 +57,7 @@ end
 ---@param lang string
 ---@return InstallInfo?
 local function get_parser_install_info(lang)
-  local parser_config = parsers.configs[lang]
+  local parser_config = parsers[lang]

  if not parser_config then
    log.error('Parser not available for language "' .. lang .. '"')
@ -78,24 +72,6 @@ function M.get_package_path(...)
  return fs.joinpath(fn.fnamemodify(debug.getinfo(1, 'S').source:sub(2), ':p:h:h:h'), ...)
 end

---@param lang string
---@return string?
-local function get_target_revision(lang)
-  local info = get_parser_install_info(lang)
-  if info and info.revision then
-    return info.revision
-  end
-
-  if #lockfile == 0 then
-    local filename = M.get_package_path('lockfile.json')
-    lockfile = vim.json.decode(util.read_file(filename)) --[[@as table<string, LockfileInfo>]]
-  end
-
-  if lockfile[lang] then
-    return lockfile[lang].revision
-  end
-end
-
 ---@param lang string
 ---@return string?
 local function get_installed_revision(lang)
@ -106,9 +82,9 @@ end
 ---@param lang string
 ---@return boolean
 local function needs_update(lang)
-  local revision = get_target_revision(lang)
-  if revision then
-    return revision ~= get_installed_revision(lang)
+  local info = get_parser_install_info(lang)
+  if info and info.revision then
+    return info.revision ~= get_installed_revision(lang)
  end

  -- No revision. Check the queries link to the same place
@ -415,7 +391,7 @@ local function install_lang0(lang, cache_dir, install_dir, generate)

    local project_name = 'tree-sitter-' .. lang

-    local revision = get_target_revision(lang)
+    local revision = repo.revision

    local compile_location ---@type string
    if repo.path then
@ -525,40 +501,33 @@ local function install_lang(lang, cache_dir, install_dir, force, generate)
  return status
 end

+--- Reload the parser table and user modifications in case of update
+local function reload_parsers()
+  package.loaded['nvim-treesitter.parsers'] = nil
+  parsers = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers')
+  vim.api.nvim_exec_autocmds('User', { pattern = 'TSUpdate' })
+end
+
 ---@class InstallOptions
 ---@field force? boolean
 ---@field generate? boolean
---@field skip? table

 --- Install a parser
--- @param languages? string[]|string
+--- @param languages string[]
 --- @param options? InstallOptions
 --- @param _callback? fun()
 local function install(languages, options, _callback)
  options = options or {}
-  local force = options.force
-  local generate = options.generate
-  local skip = options.skip

  local cache_dir = vim.fs.normalize(fn.stdpath('cache'))
  local install_dir = config.get_install_dir('parser')

-  if not languages or type(languages) == 'string' then
-    languages = { languages }
-  end
-
-  if languages[1] == 'all' then
-    force = true
-  end
-
-  languages = config.norm_languages(languages, skip)
-
  local tasks = {} --- @type fun()[]
  local done = 0
  for _, lang in ipairs(languages) do
    tasks[#tasks + 1] = a.sync(function()
      a.main()
-      local status = install_lang(lang, cache_dir, install_dir, force, generate)
+      local status = install_lang(lang, cache_dir, install_dir, options.force, options.generate)
      if status ~= 'failed' then
        done = done + 1
      end
@ -572,7 +541,20 @@ local function install(languages, options, _callback)
  end
 end

-M.install = a.sync(install, 2)
+M.install = a.sync(function(languages, options, _callback)
+  reload_parsers()
+  if not languages or #languages == 0 then
+    languages = 'all'
+  end
+
+  languages = config.norm_languages(languages, options and options.skip)
+
+  if languages[1] == 'all' then
+    options.force = true
+  end
+
+  install(languages, options)
+end, 2)

 ---@class UpdateOptions

@ -580,8 +562,7 @@ M.install = a.sync(install, 2)
 ---@param _options? UpdateOptions
 ---@param _callback function
 M.update = a.sync(function(languages, _options, _callback)
-  M.lockfile = {}
-
+  reload_parsers()
  if not languages or #languages == 0 then
    languages = 'all'
  end
--- a/lua/nvim-treesitter/parsers.lua
+++ b/lua/nvim-treesitter/parsers.lua
--- a/plugin/nvim-treesitter.lua
+++ b/plugin/nvim-treesitter.lua
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ local function complete_available_parsers(arglead)
    function(v)
      return v:find(arglead) ~= nil
    end,
-    require('nvim-treesitter.parsers').get_available()
+    require('nvim-treesitter.config').get_available()
  )
 end

--- a/scripts/check-queries.lua
+++ b/scripts/check-queries.lua
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 vim.opt.runtimepath:append('.')

 local query_types = require('nvim-treesitter.health').bundled_queries
-local configs = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers').configs
+local configs = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers')
 local parsers = #_G.arg > 0 and { unpack(_G.arg) }
  or require('nvim-treesitter.config').installed_parsers()

--- a/scripts/convert-lockfile.lua
+++ b/scripts/convert-lockfile.lua
@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env -S nvim -l
+vim.opt.runtimepath:append('.')
+local util = require('nvim-treesitter.util')
+local parsers = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers')
+
+local filename = require('nvim-treesitter.install').get_package_path('lockfile.json')
+local lockfile = vim.json.decode(util.read_file(filename)) --[[@as table<string,{revision:string}>]]
+
+for k, p in pairs(parsers) do
+  if p.install_info then
+    p.install_info.revision = lockfile[k].revision
+  end
+end
+
+-- write new parser file
+local header = '---@type nvim-ts.parsers\nreturn '
+local parser_file = header .. vim.inspect(parsers)
+if vim.fn.executable('stylua') == 1 then
+  parser_file = vim.system({ 'stylua', '-' }, { stdin = parser_file }):wait().stdout --[[@as string]]
+end
+util.write_file('lua/nvim-treesitter/parsers.lua', parser_file)
--- a/scripts/update-lockfile.lua
+++ b/scripts/update-lockfile.lua
@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env -S nvim -l
-vim.opt.runtimepath:append('.')
-local util = require('nvim-treesitter.util')
-local parsers = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers').configs
-
-- Load previous lockfile
-local filename = require('nvim-treesitter.install').get_package_path('lockfile.json')
-local old_lockfile = vim.json.decode(util.read_file(filename)) --[[@as table<string,{revision:string}>]]
-
-local jobs = {} ---@type table<string,vim.SystemObj>
-local new_lockfile = {} ---@type table<string,{revision:string}>
-local updates = {} ---@type string[]
-
-- check for new revisions
-for k, p in pairs(parsers) do
-  if p.tier == 4 then
-    new_lockfile[k] = old_lockfile[k]
-    print('Skipping ' .. k)
-  elseif p.install_info then
-    print('Updating ' .. k)
-    jobs[k] = vim.system({ 'git', 'ls-remote', p.install_info.url })
-  end
-
-  if #vim.tbl_keys(jobs) % 100 == 0 or next(parsers, k) == nil then
-    for name, job in pairs(jobs) do
-      local stdout = vim.split(job:wait().stdout, '\n')
-      jobs[name] = nil
-
-      local branch = parsers[name].install_info.branch
-
-      local line = 1
-      if branch then
-        for j, l in ipairs(stdout) do
-          if l:find(vim.pesc(branch)) then
-            line = j
-            break
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      local sha = vim.split(stdout[line], '\t')[1]
-      new_lockfile[name] = { revision = sha }
-      if new_lockfile[name].revision ~= old_lockfile[name].revision then
-        updates[#updates + 1] = name
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
-
-assert(#vim.tbl_keys(jobs) == 0)
-
-if #updates > 0 then
-  -- write new lockfile
-  local lockfile_json = vim.json.encode(new_lockfile) --[[@as string]]
-  if vim.fn.executable('jq') == 1 then
-    lockfile_json =
-      assert(vim.system({ 'jq', '--sort-keys' }, { stdin = lockfile_json }):wait().stdout)
-  end
-  util.write_file(filename, lockfile_json)
-
-  print(string.format('\nUpdated parsers: %s', table.concat(updates, ', ')))
-else
-  print('\nAll parsers up to date!')
-end
--- a/scripts/update-parsers.lua
+++ b/scripts/update-parsers.lua
@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env -S nvim -l
+vim.opt.runtimepath:append('.')
+local util = require('nvim-treesitter.util')
+local parsers = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers')
+
+local jobs = {} ---@type table<string,vim.SystemObj>
+local updates = {} ---@type string[]
+
+-- check for new revisions
+for k, p in pairs(parsers) do
+  if p.tier < 5 and p.install_info then
+    print('Updating ' .. k)
+    jobs[k] = vim.system({ 'git', 'ls-remote', p.install_info.url })
+  end
+
+  if #vim.tbl_keys(jobs) % 100 == 0 or next(parsers, k) == nil then
+    for name, job in pairs(jobs) do
+      local stdout = vim.split(job:wait().stdout, '\n')
+      jobs[name] = nil
+
+      local info = parsers[name].install_info
+      assert(info)
+
+      local branch = info.branch
+      local line = 1
+      if branch then
+        for j, l in ipairs(stdout) do
+          if l:find(vim.pesc(branch)) then
+            line = j
+            break
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      local sha = vim.split(stdout[line], '\t')[1]
+      if info.revision ~= sha then
+        info.revision = sha
+        updates[#updates + 1] = name
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+assert(#vim.tbl_keys(jobs) == 0)
+
+if #updates > 0 then
+  -- write new parser file
+  local header = '---@type nvim-ts.parsers\nreturn '
+  local parser_file = header .. vim.inspect(parsers)
+  if vim.fn.executable('stylua') == 1 then
+    parser_file = vim.system({ 'stylua', '-' }, { stdin = parser_file }):wait().stdout --[[@as string]]
+  end
+  util.write_file('lua/nvim-treesitter/parsers.lua', parser_file)
+
+  local update_list = table.concat(updates, ', ')
+  print(string.format('\nUpdated parsers: %s', update_list))
+  -- pass list to workflow
+  if os.getenv('GITHUB_ENV') then
+    local env = io.open(os.getenv('GITHUB_ENV'), 'a')
+    env:write(string.format('UPDATED_PARSERS=%s\n', update_list))
+    env:close()
+  end
+else
+  print('\nAll parsers up to date!')
+end
--- a/scripts/update-readme.lua
+++ b/scripts/update-readme.lua
@ -2,12 +2,13 @@
 vim.opt.runtimepath:append('.')
 local util = require('nvim-treesitter.util')
 local parsers = require('nvim-treesitter.parsers')
+local tiers = require('nvim-treesitter.config').tiers
 ---@class Parser
 ---@field name string
 ---@field parser ParserInfo

 local sorted_parsers = {}
-for k, v in pairs(parsers.configs) do
+for k, v in pairs(parsers) do
  table.insert(sorted_parsers, { name = k, parser = v })
 end
 table.sort(sorted_parsers, function(a, b)
@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ for _, v in ipairs(sorted_parsers) do
  end

  -- tier
-  generated_text = generated_text .. (p.tier and parsers.tiers[p.tier] or '') .. ' | '
+  generated_text = generated_text .. (p.tier and tiers[p.tier] or '') .. ' | '

  -- queries
  generated_text = generated_text
--- a/tests/query/injections/nix/test-nix-injections.nix
+++ b/tests/query/injections/nix/test-nix-injections.nix
@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
  mod1 = {
    type = "lua";
    config = ''
-      require('nvim-treesitter.configs').setup()
+      require('nvim-treesitter.config').setup()
    '';
  };
 }